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11.09: Jure Zovko 教授讲座:Judgment and Science

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讲座信息

 

 

 

题目

Judgment and Science:Reflections from the Perspective of Kant’s Third Critique

 

主讲人

Jure Zovko 

克罗地亚扎达尔大学 名誉教授

 

主持人

韩水法 

北京大学哲学系 教授

 

时间

2024年11月9日 15:00—17:00


地点

新太阳中心210

 

报名链接

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Jure Zovko

 

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德国弗莱堡大学哲学博士,克罗地亚扎达尔大学名誉教授,国际哲学院(IIP)名誉主席,国际科学哲学院(AIPS)主席,国际哲学团体联合会(FISP)指导委员会成员。自 2010 年起,他担任Hegel-JahrbuchHegel-Forschungen 期刊的联合主编。Jure Zovko教授的研究领域包括:诠释学、古希腊哲学、德国唯心主义、科学哲学等。

 

He was  Professor for Ontology and Philosophy of Science at the University of Zadar, currently prof. emeritus. His research specialisation includes: Hermeneutics, Ancient Greek Philosophy, German Idealism, Philosophy of Science.

 

He is coeditor of Hegel-Jahrbuch (Walter de Gruyter Berlin; Duncker & Humblot Berlin) and Hegel-Forschungen (Walter de Gruyter Berlin, Duncker & Humblot Berlin) since 2010.

 

He is honorary president of Institut international de philosophie (Paris-Nancy) and president of L' Académie Internationale de Philosophie des Sciences (Bruxelles); member of Steering Committee of FISP.

 

He promotes a philosophy of intercultural dialog and believes that FISP should play an important role in promoting dialogue between nations and cultures, because dialogue is one of our greatest civilizational achievements. 

 

 

 

 

 

讲座简介

 

 

 

 

 

The British philosopher of science Elie Zahar claimed in his essay "Conventionalism and Positivism", "that Kant was, among other things, one of the greatest philosophers of science of all time." (Zaher, 1980) Kantians were mutatis mutandis, according to Zahar, William Whewel,  Ernst Mach, Pierre Duhem, Henri Poincaré, Émile Meyerson and Karl Popper. The relativity physicists and philosophers Hans Reichenbach, Adolf Grünbaum and Werner Heisenberg analyzed Kant's space-time concept in detail in their works and modified it with improvements.

 

Kant's significance for the philosophy of science has been discussed in the last century primarily with regard to Newtonian physics or classical mechanics, especially among German Neo-Kantians, who claimed that Kant had endeavoured intensively to deepen Newtonian principles of mechanics through epistemological principles in order to elaborate a metaphysics as a theory of science.

 

In my presentation I want to show why Kant's analysis of reflective judgment is of potential relevance for philosophy of science. In the Critique of Judgement (1790), instead of the "totality of experience", Kant introduces the already given unity of natural formations (Naturgebilde), which are taken as the starting point for reflective judgement. This turn in the third critique from the idea of the unity of reason to the reflexive power of judgment was made because more can be achieved through the teleology of nature than through the mechanistic explanation of nature. In the Critique of Judgment  Kant analyses concrete cases sensitively and attentively in their holistic context with the help of reflective judgment. In order to adequately subsume concrete cases, the reflective judgment must first find the rules that are tested for their applicability. Through Kant's explication of reflective judgment, the heuristic method, which is particularly important for scientific theory, comes to the fore.

 

The organic world with its inner purposefulness cannot be made plausible on the basis of mechanical laws, but is investigated by the reflective power of judgment. Biological purposefulness remains the pivot of reflective judgement, which on the one hand implies the scientific practice of research into the final cause, and on the other brings the understanding of the world of life, the crown of which remains man with his moral dignity.

 

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